Richard III Themes Essays - English People, Richard III Of England

Richard III Themes In the play, Richard the III, by William Shakespeare, the character Richard (Duke of Gloucester) is a manipulative and misdirecting individual. Richard acts like this so as to satisfy his fantasy to become King. Also, since he is at the base of a long, extensive rundown to be King, he has many individuals to bamboozle. In any case at the point when he manipulates individuals, for example, his siblings, Lady Anne, and Buckingham, he manages without kindness and heart. Richard's siblings are one of the first individuals to be controlled and he does it by making them believe that one is attempting to execute the other. From Richard's initial monologue from the earliest starting point of the play he lets us know: And if King Edward be as evident and similarly As I am unobtrusive, bogus what's more, tricky, This day should Clarence intently be mew'd up, About a prescience, which says that 'G' Of Edward's beneficiaries the killer will be.(I,I, ) And this is where King Edward the IV thinks of the presumption that their brother(George Duke Of Clarence) is going to kill him. So King Edward secures George up in the tower after Richard educates him concerning his bogus dream. At that point Richard works his beguiling psyche on George saying, And at all you will utilize me in,/Were it to call King Edward's widow sister,/I will perform it to liberate you. (I,I, ) And what Richard is stating on the off chance that you need I will execute the King for you with the goal that you can seek retribution for this awful demonstration submitted against you. What's more, much the same as that the two siblings as of now despise one another. Richard is a shrewd also, tricky man. In any case, the genuine inquiry ought to be whether he has the insight to win the adoration a friendship of a ladies who has lost her dad and spouse to the hands of Richard. Interestingly, Richard accomplishes this accomplishment. Woman Anne, when we meet her in the start of Act I, Scene II, has a severe disdain towards Richard. She even puts a few reviles on him, for example, If at any time he have youngster, unsuccessful be it,/Prodigious, and awkward brought to light,/Whose appalling and unnatural perspective/May dread the confident mother at the view,(I,II, ). Be that as it may, her demeanor before long changes as Richard weaves his trap of misleading. Richard causes her to accept that the motivation behind why he killed her significant other also, father was over her magnificence. That he was submitting the represents her purpose, Your magnificence was the reason for that impact;/Your excellence: which haunted me in my rest/To embrace the passing of all the world,/So I may live one hour in your sweet chest., that it was her adoration that he was attempting to win what not resistance would die in the event that they were in his direction. What's more, when Richard said those words, Lady Anne begins to scrutinize her contemplations and mindset. Furthermore, that is the point at which everything goes down slope for her and before the finish of the scene Lady Anne is wearing Richard's ring. However there is as yet one character that is basic to Richard's arrangements and that is Buckingham. Buckingham appears to be a solid and canny man yet he can not fathom the influence behind Richard. For example, Buckingham is saying thanks to the Queen Margaret for not putting a revile on him however then Richard asked what did she say and Buckingham answers, Nothing that I regard, my generous Lord, and in saying that he has quite recently disregarded Sovereign Margaret. Richard even goes so far in controlling Buckingham, that Buckingham himself breaks his own revile by conflicting with the Queen Elizabeth in which he said he could never do. He is likewise turning into Richard's correct hand man despite the fact that Richard makes it look the other way around. Furthermore, just by controlling these couple of individuals, he has turned trouble against sibling, transformed a lady who despised him into his better half, and turned a man who was faithful to everybody to Richard's accessory. Richard's influence of misdirection and control is around a thousand times higher than anyone in Richard the III, by William Shakespeare, which makes for a wild and intriguing ride.

Technology Evaluation - Big Data Analytics Research Paper

Innovation Evaluation - Big Data Analytics - Research Paper Example Besides, Sathi (2012) clarifies that most huge information extends ordinarily start from the craving of responding to explicit inquiries identifying with business activities. These inquiries may remember for how to expand deals, successfully deal with the association's HR, and strategies for reducing hierarchical expenses. Liebowitz (2013) in this manner keeps up that with the correct foundation of enormous information investigation, an association will pick up the limit of expanding productivity, boosting deals, improving tasks, chance administration, and client support. This paper is an assessment study plan, planned for understanding the advantages and expenses of utilizing the innovation of Big Data Analytics. In meeting the destinations of this paper, the scientist will recognize the examination addresses that this innovation intends to fathom, strategies utilized in leading the investigation, the restrictions, and course of events of occasions. As enormous business associations start proportions of improving the security arrangement of their PC organizes, a typical technique is being utilized to utilize safety faculty, just as setting up a focal Information Technology security framework (Bethlehem and Biffignandi, 2012). Business associations have expanded an accentuation on the physical security, individual wellbeing, just as the insurance of their significant basic foundations. This has driven business associations and higher learning establishments to build up a wide scope of employment titles, announcing connections, fragmented occupation capacities, for reasons for depicting how to move toward the security of information, and ensuring individual data, scholarly properties, and security of systems and PC frameworks (Kibert, 2012). Huge Data Analytics worries about dissecting gigantic volumes of information, and this turns into a security issue.

Im Your Biggest Fan 9 Great Books about Being a Fan

Im Your Biggest Fan 9 Great Books about Being a Fan This post is sponsored by Searching for John Hughes by Jason Diamond For as long as Jason Diamond can remember, he’s been infatuated with John Hughes’ movies. From the antics in National Lampoon’s Vacation to the teenage angst in The Breakfast Club and Pretty in Pink to the insanely clever Home Alone, Jason could not get enough. And so the seed was planted in his mind that he should write a biography of his favorite filmmaker. It didn’t matter to Jason that he had no qualifications, training, platform, or direction. Thus went the years-long, delusional, earnest, and assiduous quest to reach his goal. What he did get was a coming-of-age story that fills the pages of this unconventional, hilarious memoir. Everyone is a fan of something, right? Whether its an actor, author, musician, television show, movie, sports team, book, or comic (or a million other things), we all have something (or several somethings) that make us squee with delight. And as long as you dont act like Annie Wilkes, its totally fine. Having healthy interests in things is perfectly normal. And here are nine books that feature people who are big fans of things that you may enjoy (especially if youre a big fan of books.) The Fangirls Guide to the Galaxy: A Handbook for Girl Geeks by Sam Maggs This is a fun guide for women trying to make their way in the male-dominated world of geekdom, with helpful tips on making nerdy friends, cosplay, attending a convention, internet trolls, and more. The Fangirl Life: A Guide to All the Feels and Learning How to Deal by Kathleen Smith This is a charming book for people with big love for  fictional characters and the enormous communities around them, and how to put your passions to use in your offline life and make them part of your own story. Fangasm: Supernatural Fangirls by Katherine Larsen and Lynn S. Zubernis The television series Supernatural has been around now for over a decade and has some of the biggest fans in the business. This is a memoir about how their love for the show turned two self-described sensible women into huge fangirls, and also a look at what it means to be a fan, where the boundries are when youre a fan, and how loving the show  changed their lives. Were Going to See the Beatles!: An Oral History of Beatlemania as Told by the Fans Who Were There by Garry Berman Perhaps some of the earliest displays of passionate  fandom were the fans of the Beatles. Youve probably seen the clips of the audience members at a concert, screaming and crying (and sometimes fainting). Members of the band have said that playing a show was pretty ridiculous, because you couldnt hear yourself or your bandmates over the nonstop screaming. This is a look at those excited  fans and what being a big fan means to them. Im Your Biggest Fan: Awkward Encounters and Assorted Misadventures in Celebrity Journalism by Kate Coyne Coyne, who has worked several jobs in the entertainment industry, gives the dirt on meeting with several well-known celebrities, weird encounters and advice from celebs, and the world of celebrity gossip. The Disappointment Artist: Essays by Jonathan Lethem While a collection of essays on varying topics, one has always stuck with me: about the time Lethem dropped out of college, hitchhiked to California, and became president of the Philip K. Dick fan club. That is some serious dedication. Which paid off the two eventually became friends. (Me, I would drop out of college to be president of the Jonathan Lethem fan club.) Gena/Finn by Hannah Moskowitz Kat Helgeson Told through emails, text messages, journal entries, and blog posts, this is the story of two young women who meet through their mutual love of a show, and come to rely on each others friendship IRL. A charming contemporary take on friendship in the 21st century. Fangirl by Rainbow Rowell Cath and her twin sister, Wren, were big Simon Snow fans when they were young. But Cath never grew out of her love for the series, and spends her days obsessing over Simon Snow and writing popular fanfiction. But now the sisters are going to college, and Cath wont have Wren there to guide her through the real world, Can she make her way IRL? The Geeks Guide to Unrequited Love by Sarvenaz Tash Graham has been in love with his best friend Roxy since the day they met and she asked him what Hogwarts house hed be in. Eight years later, theyre still best friends, but Graham wishes it was more. When he finds a way to get them into the New York Comic Con to see their favorite comic artist, he thinks its his big chance to impress her. But Graham learns that people pretend to be someone else at a convention even Roxy. Will he have a chance to confess his love?

Social Media Identity Has the Potential to Affect an...

With the current times of internet and social media usage, an individual’s identity has the potential to affect their current and future employment. Employers are increasingly using social media sites to screen potential and current employees to identify any activities or publications that may concern the organisations best interest. Many questions arise about the potential affects these actions can have on employment for individuals and are they morally, ethically and legally acceptable. The publication â€Å"The future of Identity† [p4] (Bostrom and Sandberg 2011, p.4) states that; having an identity is an essential part of the human psychological and social wellbeing. Threats to the identity of a person are serious and will often spark†¦show more content†¦I would presume that these concerns would be more directed to employees’ that have more contact with the consumers and general public. E.g. Customer service roles, public figures, high end management and role models. Many people believe that they are protected by the Privacy Act. The fact is that, they really aren’t. They’re only covered IF the organisation is based in Australia and not classified as a small business. â€Å"An organisation with an annual turnover of $3 million or less† (Australian Information Commissioner 2012) then the Privacy Act may apply. â€Å"The Privacy Act doesn’t cover individuals acting in a personal capacity† (Australian Information Commissioner 2012) †individuals posting information on social networking sites would usually be exempt from the coverage of the Privacy Act, though their actions may be covered by other laws† (Australian Information Commissioner 2012) Social media users place themselves in a vulnerable position if they publicly announce their personal information online. But when most people go on to post this kind of information; they don’t post believing they are opening vulnerability, but that they are â€Å"sharing† part of our identity to those who they believe are â€Å"online friends†. Most people don’t pre-assess the possibilities that our views and choices may be looked upon in a negative way. They never post thinkingShow MoreRelatedDiscussion on the Social Psychological Influences on Academic Achievement, Based on a Classroom Learning Experience1535 Words   |  7 Pageson his future, so he does not miss out on any opportunities open to him, but he is focusing on the short term rewards of earning money immediately, rather than the long term potential which would result in him having a better quality of life with fewer opportunities for his petty crime to escalate. There are many theories that could be used to describe the situation that Kevin is in, some of them are; Self-Fulfilling Prophecy, Self-Schemas, Expectancy-Value Theory (EVT) and Social Identity TheoryRead MoreThe Equal Education System9443 Words   |  38 Pagesegalitarian society in which everyone has a ‘fair go’ . This idea has led to the creation of an equal education system but today, the reality is far from this egalitarian system. Only 17% of Australians from low-socioeconomic backgrounds are able to attend university , roughly half the likelihood of Australians from medium and high socioeconomic backgrounds. This degree of socio-academic inequality has remained relatively stable for over a decade, creating a social stigma where individuals from high-socioeconomicRead MoreInternet Background Checks : A Wave Of The Future, And It Is Here Now2950 Words   |  12 Pagesbackground checks are a wave of the future, and it is here now. â€Å"Internet background checks† refers to the proce ss were employers gather information from the internet about a person-in this case, a job or college applicant, to determine as much as possible of the applicant before they hire them (Rainey; Reicher). With a click of a button, one can type in someone’s name into google, an internet search engine, and find information about them in a second. Social media networks such as Facebook and TwitterRead MoreNcfe Level 2 Certificate in Equality and Diversity Unit 1: Exploring Equality and Diversity5977 Words   |  24 Pagescompletely the same as anyone else, even within the categories above. 2. 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The strategic role of marketing is to translate this into a reality. The business will look to how it can increase its sales, and that means there will be an increase in profits. The marketing plan helps show strategies inRead MoreEssay on We Cannot Permit Infringements on Privacy3923 Words   |  16 PagesGeorge Orwell foresees a nightmarish-future for the world in his book 1984, where individualism loses precedence to the good of society, and with it goes the individuals private life. The [controlling] Party in the socialist government knows the intimate details of all citizens, and prosecutes those who violate social orders through threatening speech, behavior or thoughts. The omnipresent visual warning Big Brother is Watching You,† reminds citizens that no personal information is safe fromRead MoreEssay on Diversification within American Organizations5630 Words   |  23 Pages Diversification within American Organizations The United States has the most diverse and multicultural population ever known to man. The symbolic metaphor â€Å"the melting pot,† strongly states that the major problem organizations face in American society is a diverse personnel with different economical status, beliefs, and cultural background; because of this, operating an organization in American society is a very complex task. For many years, researchers struggled with the concept of finding theRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects3294 Words   |  14 Pagesdomestic violence has become a national dilemma, with a crime of this type occurring every 9 seconds. Family members try to ignore what’s happening and neighbors do not want to get involved. The victim is usually helpless to understand the problem, let alone determine the solution to it. Instead of the difficulties being addressed before they can further develop, law enforcement agencies are usually left to handle each case only after a criminal act has taken place and someone has been injured. At

Leonardo Da Vinci s Ideas And Paintings Changed The...

My Thesis: Leonardo Da Vinci’s ideas and paintings changed the world, and the way it thinks. Da Vinci, made all sorts of contraptions, all we have are his designs, we have tested them for the most part, and have found they are successful. He has helped us realize that thinking outside the box isn’t exactly a bad thing. He’s made all sorts of wonders, and beautiful paintings for which we may never understand. Which is the definition of art. Mystery (not literally.). Mystery drives us, we like to find out things, not just handed to us. Leonardo Da Vinci did just that. He didn’t give us anything but a breathtaking fresh taste of art. And of course his inventions. We couldn’t even find his inventions. Just his drafts/sketches. His anatomy blew our minds. Because he found stuff out that we found out maybe 200-300 years later. Some of his havent even been made yet. Now here’s a bit of info on the fellow. Born on April 15, 1452, in Vinci, Italy, Leonardo da Vinci was the definition of a â€Å"Renaissance man.† Possessor of a curious mind and keen intellect, da Vinci studied the laws of science and nature, which greatly informed his work as a painter, sculptor, architect, inventor, military engineer and draftsman. His ideas and body of work—which includes Virgin of the Rocks, The Last Supper and Mona Lisa—have influenced many artists and made Da Vinci a force to be reckoned with of the Italian Renaissance. His early rise even caught us by surprise. Because, he essentially out didShow MoreRelatedLeonardo Da Vinci Essay1995 Words   |  8 Pagesthe world that have inspired, influenced and revolutionized the modern world as Leonardo da Vinci has. His works in Arts, Science, Engineering and many others has influenced many people in their respective fields. His works in Engineering such as the designing of a machine that can fly has gone on to influence the Wright brothers who invented the airplane. His research in Anatomy and other biological works has made pathways for surgeons, doctors, and many scientists in their research. Leonardo DaRead MoreThe Lady With An Ermine1141 Words   |  5 Pagesportrait of Cecilia, with no animal. In the second attempt, Leonardo included a small grey ermine. In the third and final version, a large white ermine replaced the grey ermine. This progress really shows why Leonardo da Vinci had so much trouble finishing his paintings. Also, originally the backg round was blue, but in 1800, Prince Adam Czartoryski bought the piece for Princess Izabella. She did not like the painting very much. â€Å"If it s a dog, it s a very ugly one† she remarked. Taking a disliking toRead MoreEvolution Of Human Thought And Emotion2187 Words   |  9 Pagesobserved in the natural world. People strive to create that which they do not already see or possess; even a simple painting of a bowl of fruit is meant to dramaticize elements such as its shadows and colors, make them bolder and more beautiful. Aristotle’s definition of art as a subconscious desire to imitate the world, copy a subject and then smooth out its imperfections with creativity and manipulate the image until subjective perfection is achieved, is a logical idea that when applied to mostRead MoreTwo Great Renaissance Artists2585 Words   |  11 PagesArtists The Renaissance period is known as a period of the rebirth of Greek ideas. The works of this time were more individualized and the artists had more artistic freedom then were allowed in the Medieval or middle Ages. Two of the greatest individuals of the Renaissance time period were Leonardo Da Vinci and Michelangelo. Not only was Da Vinci a great artist, he was also the best in many fields other than art. â€Å"Leonardo is often viewed as the archetype of the Renaissance Man because of hisRead MoreThe Italian Renaissance1558 Words   |  7 Pageslife and values dominated by the Church toward the philosophical principles of humanism. The Italian people, especially the educated middle class, became interested in individual achievements and emphasized life in this world, as opposed to preparation for life in the next world, which was stressed by religion in the Church. They believed strongly in the potential for individual accomplishment in the arts, literature, politics, and pers onal life. Individuals began to be encouraged to excel in a wideRead MoreEssay on Dbq Mini Q Renaissance Hq Student Fi2066 Words   |  9 Pagesrenai ssance means rebirth or revival. In world history, the Renaissance is used to describe a period in Europe that began around the year 1400 and lasted until about 1700. Thanks in large part to the scientific and cultural advances made during this time , people saw them ­ selves in a new way. The impact of the Renaiss ance was powerful and has endured for centuries. This Mini-Q asks you to explore how this exciting and important era changed the concept of what it means to be human. The Documents:Read MoreA Reflection On Reading Visual Culture2407 Words   |  10 Pagesbe used to describe what kind of emotion it is portraying, colour can change the emotion and meaning of a representation simply by just being there. A good example of the power that colour has can be seen in the painting by Raphael Sanzio called School of Athens (1510-1511). In this painting, Plato and Aristotle are at the centre, both wearing fashionable robes. Plato’s robe can be seen as different colours: Red which symbolises excitement, passion and energy and pink which symbolises acceptance (IncredibleRead MoreThe Renaissance Of The Middle Ages1991 Words   |  8 Pagesrestrictive ideas of the Middle Ages. Renaissance, the term comes from the French translation of the Italian word â€Å"rinascita†, which means â€Å"rebirth† or the extreme and large amounts of changes that took place during the 15th and 16th centuries. The Renaissance is what brought forth the death of the Middle Ages and its what embodied the modern values of the new world for the first time. Many would describe this time as a cultural rebirth because through these centuries the entire world of art and literatureRead MoreHow Did the Period of Renaissance Alter Man’s View of Man? Essay1057 Words   |  5 Pagesin all fields of science, and inventions. How did the period of time we know as, â€Å"The Renaissance†, change or alter man’s view of man? Well, we know that in the Middle Ages, the Church had authority over most people, and people had very few rights. In 1400’s, the Middle Ages had ended and then began the Renaissance. The Renaissance was a monumental change in Europe which lasted for 300 years. Humanity as we know it was changed drastically by this rebirth of Europe, and truly enlightening time periodRead More36 Point Tok Essay1908 Words   |  8 Pageswas studied again. Painting, sculpture and architecture were influenced by the Latin and G reek culture, so that â€Å"paintings became more realistic and focused less often on religious topics.†[2] Furthermore, the name ‘rebirth’ was not given for nothing, it was a repetition. One might say that history is not always on the move, it just reiterates. Scientist observe nature and try to explain what they see with the help of theories. The nature itself does not change, but the way they look at it is

Food Article Summary Response Free Essays

â€Å"Serves Us Right† by Phoebe Damrosch describes the occupation of waiting as overlooked, treated badly, and in need of some change. We pay attention to and adore the rock star chefs, yet we often ignore those who deal with our food most, our waiters. Waiters in America are undertrained and treated poorly. We will write a custom essay sample on Food Article Summary Response or any similar topic only for you Order Now Waiters work unpredictable schedules for unpredictable pay which depends heavily on tipping. They often do not receive work benefits such as health care and paid sick leave(1). As a result the quality of waiting is not great, because it is not a good job to hold, and there is a large turnover of new employees(2). Restaurants can improve the quality of waiting in America if they were to provide training and benefits(2). Damrosch suggests that removing tipping in exchange for a service charge paid by the employers would result in better service. Damrosch states that â€Å"The service charge shifts the focus from the money to the experience†(1). The occupation of waiting in its current state is sub par because the working conditions are sub par; waiter working conditions must be improved before work quality can too. Phoebe Damrosch makes many great points and is correct in her statements about the occupation of waiting and the occupation of waiting needs some changes for the better. Waiters and waitresses have some of the most unpredictable hours and schedules, making it difficult to schedule and lead their lives outside of their occupation. On top of that, they are underpaid; most waiters only make minimum wage and their salary is determined by how much they receive through tipping. Waiting is not a simple occupation either, it takes a lot of work and effort especially when it is busy to try and attend to all their customers. Taking orders, refilling drinks, making sure everything is OK, as well as delivering food from the kitchen requires a lot of multitasking skills and focus. I agree with Damrosch that tipping is instrumental in the failure of good service. With their already low wages, waiters and waitresses rely heavily on tipping, that means getting the customers in and out as fast as possible. This attitude towards working neglects the overall experience of each customer. Damrosch questions whether tipping should be held in practice anymore, and I completely agree. Removing tipping and boosting the base salary of waiters and waitresses would allow them to focus more on doing a good job instead of scrambling around trying to work as fast they can to receive more money from tipping each night. Most waiters and waitresses do not receive health care or other benefits either further adding to the list of negatives. All in all, Damrosch is correct, the occupation of waiting is one that is a lot of work, and hardly worth it. Too many negatives exist to keep people interested in waiting. For those that do practice waiting as their occupation, there is little motivation to do their job well. This job sees a lot of overturn as a result, so training becomes impractical and good service is becoming rare. The existence of tipping shifts the focus from providing quality service to trying to make as much money as possible. Waiting is hard work and improving the conditions of waiting is necessary before any improvement in the quality of work can be expected to be seen. Works Cited Damrosch, Pheobe. â€Å"Serves Us Right†. New York Times  September, 19, 2009: 1-2. How to cite Food Article Summary Response, Essays

The Women Of The Hindu Religion Essays - Gender Studies,

The Women of the Hindu Religion Universally, the women of the world have been trying to gain the same opportunities as the men. The women in India who are committed to the Hindu religion have been struggling for years to break the traditions. The women of the Hindu religion had many challenges in becoming a nineties women. In the Hindu religion the traditional values are sacred and cannot be broken. Even with these restrictions the Hindu women have passed many obstacles and became the women that they want to be today. In this paper, I will go into detail about the women of Hinduism. I will focus on two main areas. The first area is marriage. A big part of marriage deals with tradition, abuse, divorce, and the commitment that a women has to put into the marriage. Education is another main obstacle that Hindu women pushed their way past; however, women that are well educated cause a lot of problems within the Hindu religion. The first area that I researched was Hindu marriage. Marriage is extremely sacred in the Hindu religion. The women get wed at a very young age. The common age is 17-20, which for me is hard to comprehend. However, in India this age is very common and still to this day women are becoming wed at a young age. Many women are urged to wait until after they get out of school, but if they follow the Hindu tradition it says that home and marriage comes before all other obligations. According to the Indian Caste Systems by O'Malley, "It is necessary for an orthodox Hindu to get his daughters married before the age of puberty: an unmarried daughter is a matter for reproach and causes a family to be looked down upon" (O'Malley 91). One thing that caught my attention when I was reading was if an unwed girl dies, the family honor is saved my paying a man to go through a form of marriage with the corpse. In the United States it is common for people to meet their future husband or wife through a mutual place of work or acquaintances; however, in India many of the women meet their husbands through adds in the Hindustan Times. The add in this particular newspaper says, "A typical abbreviation used to be 22/160, the young woman's age and height. It is now 22/160/2,200, her monthly earnings" (Mitter, 20). As you can see the women have progressed, but there is still a problem considering that the women must place an add to find a suitor. Another obstacle that women had to overcome is the caste system. In the Hindu society the caste system is the basis of their religion, so it is important for the people of the religion to follow the rules as they are written. The men had to marry women within the same caste system or from a lower caste system with permission. In the book Indian Caste Systems it is noted that, "It is necessary for every Hindu to marry so as to have a son, for his salvation after death depends on offering duly made by one lawfully begotten: if a man has not go one, he should adopt a son, who will be as capable of performing the necessary rites" (O'Malley 90-91). Marriage is a sacred event and according to orthodox Hindu belief, women can only perform this once in her life time. Women are taught at a young age that their husbands are earthly gods and that men are superior beings. So, from a young age the Hindu women are taught to feel less than their husbands and all men. If a Hindu women is a widow of a high caste she is prohibited to remarry; however, many women of lower castes do remarry and go against the Hindu tradition. Another big taboo in the Hindu system is if the wife commits adultery it is said, "she should be torn apart by dogs". In the past few years divorce has become more common in the Indian tradition, but the women that go through with it are looked down upon. Abuse in the Hindu religion is very common, but it is overlooked and

10 Facts for Dissertation on Principles of Psychology

10 Facts for Dissertation on Principles of Psychology Has your professor assigned you with a task to write a dissertation on Principles of Psychology? If that’s true, then you’re in luck! Welcome to the first segment of our three-set guide which covers everything you need to know about writing a dissertation and Principles of Psychology, so you can compose a well-written dissertation. After all, who wouldn’t want to leave their professor awestruck and become one of their favorite students? We have divided our dissertation guides into three parts: Our first guide shares 10 facts for a dissertation on principles of psychology, which is very important when you want to support your assertions with solid evidence. It’s essential for you to read this guide first and then head on over to the other two guides. Speaking of the other two, the second guide introduces 20 psychology dissertation ideas that will work for you along with a sample essay (which is written on one of the 20 topics) to give you a peek at how a dissertation essay on Principles of Psychology is composed. Finally, our third guide, guide for a winner dissertation on principles of psychology, sheds light on how a successful dissertation is written on Principles of Psychology, what its methods are, how it’s outlined and formatted, etc. This would prove to be very useful in composing near-perfect and exemplary dissertation content. Without further ado, let’s get started: Psychology is one of the most popular phenomenons that can be found in public media, televisions, a part of everyday lives and an academic major for students. The word â€Å"Psychology† is derived from two Greek words; â€Å"psyche† which means life and â€Å"logos†, which means explanation. In other words, psychology is a study of art that explains life itself. It can also be seen as a scientific study of the mind and behavior of a particular subject. While most people know what psychology is, since they have been a part of (or sometimes heard of) psychological services being provided in the form of consultations and therapies, there are other fields of psychology that many are unaware of. Some of the most brilliant psychologists actually work in those fields. These include clinical psychology, environmental psychology, developmental psychology, experimental psychology, educational psychology etc. The duration it takes to become a psychologist depends on the nature of specialization. Most specialization required 10-12 years of education, including a doctorate. Most psychologists work in different places because they usually work behind the scenes and nobody knows that they are a part of a specific Speaking of organizations, there are several which have psychologists among the ranks including but not limited to laboratories, schools, businesses and hospitals where they are tasked with studying the behavior and reaction of people and sometimes, animals as well. The topics that most psychologists typically study are love, emotion, depression, hypnosis memory, drug addiction and alcohol, anger, politics, culture, prejudice and religion. To help psychologists better understand behavior, certain study methods are employed such as questionnaires, laboratory studies and interviews. Examining people’s behavior has been a profession ever since ancient civilizations came into existence. It is a basic instinct of the human mind to understand one another and adapt to the behavior of its society, culture, religion or the group surrounding him/her. Psychology is a study which involves thoroughly studying the human mind and behavior under different circumstances – to understand the conscience of a human for the better good. Wilhelm Wundt is considered the founder of psychology. In 1879 Germany, he started the Institute for Experimental Psychology at the University of Leipzig. This laboratory was the first lab to be dedicated entirely to psychology, and is considered the first step towards modern psychology. Other researchers such as John Watson and Sigmund Freud are considered the pioneers in psychology and are helping take it forward. According to Leka and Houdmont, Occupational Health Psychology (OHP) is a growing and evolving field in this modern era. With more than 120 members, the Australian Psychological Society is renowned for its Occupational Health Psychology Interest Group. Psychobiology is a phenomenon which is sometimes misunderstood. This phenomenon studies the biology of the human psyche which includes the anatomy, pathology and physiology of the mind. The main purpose of psychobiology is to help determine the potential for psychological consequences, physiological bases and the psychological phenomenon that outlines some basic issues in psychobiology. There are two kinds of psychologists: research psychologists and psychologist-practitioners. Research psychologists contribute their time and energy to researching and using scientific methods to create new knowledge about the causes of behavior. Practitioners, on the other hand, use that existing research to enhance the everyday life of human beings. While most people see psychologists and psychiatrists as the same profession, both of these professions are quite different. According to the Australian Psychological Society, a psychologist might work along with a psychiatrist and vice versa, but that doesn’t mean they are practicing the same profession. A psychologist studies only undergraduate (often postgraduate) psychology while a psychiatrist holds a master’s degree and specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of illnesses related to mental health. Still with us? Excellent! We are certain that you must have found the above facts useful, informative and interesting to include in your dissertation paper. You can easily prepare your paper around these facts and expand more on them to come up with a quality paper that leaves everyone impressed. Let’s head on to our next guide, 20 dissertation ideas that will work for you, where you are provided with 20 topics along with a sample essay so you can write a well-written dissertation paper. Don’t forget to read our final guide, guide for a winner dissertation on principles of psychology, which is absolutely essential to lay bare the basis of composing a successful dissertation paper. References: Charles Stangor, (2011) Introduction to Psychology Saylor.org  https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/9/9.00SC/MIT9_00SCF11_text.pdf William Jones, The Principles of Psychology  http://izt.ciens.ucv.ve/ecologia/Archivos/Filosofia-II/James,%20William%20-%20The%20Principles%20of%20Psychology%20Vol.%20II.pdf William Jones, (1890) The Principles of Psychology  http://library.manipaldubai.com/DL/the_principles_of_psychology_vol_II.pdf Kantor, J. R. (1924). Principles of psychology.  http://psycnet.apa.org/psycinfo/2005-05009-000 Keller, F. S., Schoenfeld, W. N. (2014). Principles of psychology: A systematic text in the science of behavior (Vol. 2). BF Skinner Foundation. Troland, L. T. (1930). The principles of psychophysiology: A survey of modern scientific psychology, Vol 2: Sensation. Spencer, H. (1895). The principles of psychology (Vol. 1). D. Appleton.

The 15 writing habits of people who build amazing careers

The 15 writing habits of people who build amazing careers The 15 writing habits of people who build amazing careers One of the great pleasures of my job is that I frequently get a chance to talk to people who really are at the top of their game. Over the last 18 years, my colleagues and I have worked with over 40,000 people. And among them have been many industry leaders who have built seriously impressive careers and truly made a difference in their particular sector. These people are undeniably successful –Â  regardless of whether you define success in monetary terms, in what theyve been able to achieve, or both. Along the way, Ive noticed certain characteristics coming up again and again in the documents and emails that these super-successful people write – and in the approach they take to writing them. Clear patterns have emerged: ways of writing that so many successful people seem to share that I strongly suspect they are habits that underpin their success. Some of these patterns are in the way they write. Others are in what they write (and in how they develop that content). Together, these things propel them forwards, enabling them to make the kind of progress that others can only dream of – and often to earn many times more than those people. No single person exhibits all the traits, or even most of them. And these extraordinary individuals may not even be aware that the way they approach written communication is special or know why their approach works so much better than what other people do. But the fact that they do it that way has almost certainly been a major factor in their rise to the top. So here are those characteristics: 1. They write with confidence It takes courage to tell it like it is, but these people have it in spades. Theres a fine line between being arrogant and being confident, and these people are definitely the latter. They exude belief in their messages by never hiding behind flowery language or using 30 words when ten will do. 2. They nurture their ideas So much writing advice (and presentation training, for that matter) focuses on methodology. But even the most articulate wording will not disguise lazy thinking. Effective thinking needs to come first and it takes time. It cant be done between emails or checking Facebook. These people make and take that time, building and developing their ideas. As a result, what they write has real value. In the longer term, this builds their personal PR, and their organisations begin to recognise that value more and more. 3. They keep notes Neuroscientists have made many real breakthroughs in the last 20 years. One of these is the discovery that there are two distinct types of thinking: focused thought and free association (sometimes called mind wandering mode). Our brains cant do both at the same time, needing instead to switch between the two. (Brain researchers have even identified the neural switch that does this – the cingulate cortex.) The best ideas often spring from the second type of thinking, which typically happens when you are not sitting at your desk. In fact, it tends to happen when youre doing something completely unrelated to work – like shopping or loading the dishwasher. Successful people tend to capture ideas from these moments of mind wandering by noting them down on their smartphones or on a small pad, which they keep with them at all times for that purpose. 4. They are careful readers Successful people often seem to recognise that their attention and mental capacity are precious resources that they must spend wisely and renew regularly. As such, they use social media and other websites judiciously, reserving them for free thinking time rather than getting sucked down into all-day Facebook fests that drain them of energy and original thought. They also allow time to focus on one thing –Â  which benefits them not just because they can develop their ideas but because continually switching attention drains mental energy. 5. They look after their mind This habit often extends into other areas of their lives. For example, they make sure they get enough sleep and they eat sensibly: avoiding the highs and lows of sugar binges or overdosing on caffeine. Of course, they are human. But their secret is self-awareness. So, if the ideas arent there, they do something about it: whether thats going for a walk, stimulating their mind – with more reading or music, for example – or simply stopping and picking things up tomorrow. 6. They are conscious writers This one is critical. People who build extraordinary careers are expert influencers, so they are acutely aware of the effect both poor and good writing can have on others. They know that every document or email is an opportunity to influence many more people than they will ever meet, so they never squander that opportunity. That means they think before they write (unlike their less successful colleagues, who typically think while theyre writing –Â  or even afterwards, when it may well be too late). 7. They write to express, not impress The most successful writers never waste time or screen space posturing with verbose language. Theyd much rather engage directly with the brains of those they seek to influence in the most efficient way possible. 8. They know that its not all about me The first and main focus for them is their reader: who they are, what interests them, what they might be thinking and what they want them to think. That focus underpins their planning and stays with them throughout the writing process. (This is in contrast to less effective writers, whose focus tends to be on just getting the thing written and crossed off their list.) 9. They see the big picture This is another aspect that truly marks out highly successful people from the rest. Ive noticed that they develop a keen understanding of where their organisation is going and make sure they keep that at the front of their minds, rather than dwelling on the minutiae of the day-to-day. But that doesnt mean they ignore minor tasks or issues. They just see those as part of the bigger picture and keep that in mind when theyre writing. As a result, they often have a direct connection with the executives in the C-suite, who tend to be similarly focused. 10. They know when enough is enough The most successful people make their written communications only as long as they need to be: never longer. They also know that those communications usually need to be a lot shorter than many of their colleagues think they do. 11. They set clear objectives and they plan Uncommonly successful people know exactly what each report or proposal needs to achieve. Often, they write down those objectives; always, they base them on a knowledge of their readers. (See point 8.) This is part of an essential planning process. Many people start their documents by immediately firing up Word (or, if theyre a management consultant, more likely PowerPoint) and starting to type. But not these people. They know that planning is essential and they take time to work out a structure for their document before they even touch their keyboard. 12. They know how to build a persuasive argument By the time they start typing, they already have a clear idea of who their reader is, where they need them to go and –Â  crucially –Â  how theyre going to get them there. The most successful people know that persuasive writing is more of a science than an art. So they build their argument carefully first. As a result, their battle is half won even before they open up their laptop. 13. They are politically aware Awareness of organisational politics – and how to use that knowledge to your advantage –Â  is a sensitive issue. In an ideal world, everyone would work together selflessly and and logically for the greater good. But the real world is populated by humans, with all their foibles, ambitions and emotions. Successful people know that their documents will have to work with those too. So, regardless of what theyre writing, they take into account human psychology and how its played out in their particular workplace. 14. They dont rely on writing alone Its tempting to think that the written word is the only tool in your communication toolbox. The most successful people know that there are other tools too, and theyre careful to choose the right one for the job each time. So their documents often include captivating charts, diagrams or pictures. And these people know when to talk to someone instead of emailing them (sometimes as a way to ensure a document hits its mark). 15. They sweat the small stuff Ive deliberately left spelling, punctuation and grammar to the end of this list – even though those are the things that most people think of if you mention effective writing. Thats because a technically perfect document can still be devoid of original thought, totally disengaging and, therefore, potentially useless. However, it is still important to make sure that silly mistakes in accuracy dont undermine all your hard work. Successful people use spell-check and proofread their work. This list is still evolving and its not exhaustive. You may well have noticed other habits that make all the difference. Id love to hear what they are, so do let me know in the comments below. Image credit: mimagephotography / Shutterstock

Representation of the Feminine in American Feminist Cinema Essay

Representation of the Feminine in American Feminist Cinema - Essay Example The film "Rebecca" shows how women who strayed outside the lines of pre-defined social roles were generally demonized by society, which includes opposition from other women who are comfortable in fulfilling their traditional roles, but occasionally worshipped by other women who longed for freedom of being. The film captured Rebecca’s loss of identity as a woman who is expected to live according to traditional norms of behavior, handing down this mindset to succeeding generations as a continuation of the old ways and old ideals, despite their personal desire for the freedom to express their individuality. In a sense, the film showed that in their uphill quest for freedom, women had to go through several barriers imposed by gender and social tradition. This landmark film established the base for similar Hollywood films against which subsequent cinematic outputs would be compared. Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf (1966) demonstrated in a clearer manner the feminist stirrings of American cinema. The depiction of women in Martha combined the traditional - stay-at-home and career-less daughter of a well-known university professor who married a loser - and the modern - childless but with an imaginary child, aware of her sexuality, cursing and nagging her husband in public, and flirting openly with a young married guest in front of her husband and the guest's wife. In contrast to other portrayals of women in the past, the film signified a certain degree of equalization between the sexes. Elizabeth Taylor's Academy Award as Best Actress for her portrayal as Martha in a film laced with profanity and feminine sensuality that shocked audiences at the time may have marked a turning point as it showed that a woman could be the mistress of her destiny. Some two decades later, Desperately Seeking Susan (1981) seemed to move towards closing the loop as it directly addressed the concepts of female voyeurism and female desire. It starred the 1980's icon of the fun-loving material girl (pop star Madonna) and featured a young woman obsessed with another young woman whom she had never met, and although there is a strong element of lesbian criticism involved, there is little indication that the women are true lesbians. A psychoanalytic approach to the film necessarily excluded the possibility that the desire inherent in the film is not for the female body but is instead a desire for the 'other', an idealized fantasy life believed to be lived by this other. This film introduced different viewpoints raised regarding its message that addressed the concept of the feminine directly, making it an ideal framework for studying how femininity is reflected in modern cinema

EMA COURSE WORK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

EMA COURSE WORK - Essay Example Other factors such as transporting the materials, utilities, etc could also be used however as stated before it is only an example. Variance Analysis is the difference between what is actually paid and the standard cost. The variance is used as a means for management to discuss performance and to review them. One of the major criticisms of standards is that some forms of standards are outdated and not as widely used as others. Another criticism is that the standards are not attainable. This means that the standards are not within reason. Considering that most standards are outdated and incorporate many different components, it is easy to see how mistakes can be made. If the company uses the wrong information on any of the components than it is guaranteed that a variance will be revealed upon further analysis. The standards are also not changed over a period of time and therefore are prone to be incorrect due to changes in technology or even by inflation. Standards are said to give em ployees the motivation to meet goals and to push his/her self to meet or exceed the goals of the company. This motivation is also said to benefit the company as a whole because it increases efficiency and productivity. The best way for standard costing to be effective is to have someone from every level to participate. There has traditionally been a problem trying to get enough people to participate so that the results are reasonable. Participants will look for the easy target and this can pose a problem. The easy target is not necessarily the optimum target or the most cost efficient. Participation in the costing or analysis would require a lot of time and knowledge that the participants do not have. Also the more time they spend on it the more it will cost the company in the form of salaries and benefits. There is also the risk of the participants being out for their own individual gain. They could feel as if their participation could help them further their own agenda instead of that of the company. They could also spend too much time talking and not enough time coming up with solutions. Lack of knowledge can also factor into this because if the participants do not understand the goal they are trying to reach, then time can be spent teaching them instead of getting down to business. Management of Time is also another criticism of standard costing and variance analysis. The process is time consuming to say the least and most managers already feel as if they don’t have enough time to carry out their day to day activities let alone deal with standard costing or variance analysis. Managers in particular might feel as if this is something that someone else should be doing, namely someone in the corporate office if there is one. Absorption costing fuels another criticism of standard costing and variance analysis. Absorption costing assumes that all costs of the production of a product are included in the final price of the product (AccountingCoach, LLC). T his type of costing can create some problems because it could lead to extremely high standard costing which in turn would always lead to variances. If a product includes all of the fixed costs such as utilities of the entire building, rent of all buildings, etc than the standard cost could be extremely high and overstated. The costs are not allocated over all of the products that are produced in the same area but instead the costs are absorbed into the

Developing a Sense of Place in Geography Education

Developing a Sense of Place in Geography Education Developing a sense of place through Key Stage 1 2 Geography Teaching Introduction This paper looks at a particular aspect of teaching and learning geography that is particularly significant: developing a sense of place, as defined under the programme of study Knowledge and Understanding of Places of Key Stage 1 2 of the Primary School National Curriculum. The idea of developing ‘sense of place’ is first discussed in detail and then children’s learning is considered, in terms of what children will actually learn from undertaking this activity, and why this is a valuable part of the curriculum. In terms of what children will actually learn, the paper will consider such things as developing a ‘sense of place’ using an enquiring approach, enhancing children’s perceptions of their locality and their concept of nested hierarchies, developing a vocabulary for geography, enhancing their observation skills and recording skills, during fieldwork, for example. Under the National Curriculum for the UK – Geography, the stated aims and purposes of teaching geography are to stimulate children’s interest in their surroundings and in the variety of human and physical conditions on Earth, to foster a sense of wonder at the beauty of the world, to help children develop a sense of concern about the protection of the Earth’s natural resources and to enhance children’s sense of responsibility for the care of the Earth and it’s peoples (The Standards Site, 2007). The aim of key stage 1 is to develop knowledge, skills and understanding relating to the children’s own immediate environment, in terms of the physical environment and the people who live there, with the focus on developing thinking in a geographical way i.e., utilising questions such as ‘What/where is it?’ (aimed at developing observational skills), ‘What is it like?’ (aimed at developing reporting skills), and ‘How di d it get like this?’ (aimed at developing analytical skills) (The Standards Site, 2007). Key stage 2 geography teaching aims to further develop knowledge of place and peoples, but further afield from the immediate locality, so that children begin to learn about different scales and how they relate to each other and to other places on Earth (The Standards Site, 2007). In terms of the current paper, implicit within these stated aims of Key Stage 1 2 geography teaching, is the development of a child’s perception of ‘a sense of place’, in terms of children being able to firstly recognise where they are, then to be able to describe the features of their immediate environment, and to undertake investigations which would allow them to further explore and understand their immediate environment (The Standards Site, 2007). With these aims in mind, in terms of developing a ‘sense of place’, one of the first recommended units within Key Stage 1 curriculum is entitled ‘Around our school – the local area’ which uses investigative methods to encourage children to look at their immediate, i.e., local, area. The investigative methods include funding out where other children in their class live, in comparison to where they themselves live, for example, locating the school in comparison to other local landmarks they know about, identifying what else can be seen in the streets immediately surrounding the school (for example, traffic lights, car parks etc), describing what the immediate environment is like, investigating what jobs people do in the local area, for example by asking other children what jobs their parents undertake, looking at how people spend their leisure time, for example by asking if other children’s parents have hobbies, or what the other children do in the evenings and at weekends, looking at the local area to see if any building work is taking place, and then discussing how this might change the local area, for better or for worse (The Standards Site, 2007). All of these points can be amplified upon by the teacher, and can be discussed in much greater detail with the individual children, and between groups of children, so that the children really begin to develop some sense of their own ‘sense of place’, in terms of understanding and analysing their own local environments (i.e., their school, their home, their routes between school and home etc.). As can be seen, therefore, the National Curriculum gives a very clear set of guidelines as to how geography should be taught to Key Stage 1 2 aged children, with these guidelines broken down in to easy to manage modules, with each module incorporating new skills (such as investigative skills, reporting skills or analytical skills), beginning with investigations and discussions of the children’s local environment and with each subsequent module designed to take the children a little further afield than their local environment. This, it is aimed, will clearly develop a child’s ‘sense of place’ in terms of first orientating them with regards to their local environment, and then, slowly, introducing them to environments that are further afield, for example, through a progression of scales, of nested hierarchies, i.e., studies of, first, the local town, and then subsequently of the local city, the county, the country, Europe, the world and it’s people. I t is aimed that through this sequential and progressive approach to teaching about geography, aside from the skills that the children will acquire, the children will also, as we have seen, develop a strong ‘sense of place’. We have seen that the National Curriculum provides quite explicit guidelines as to how to teach geography to primary school children, but what, on the ground, as it were, can teachers do to ensure that the lessons that need to be taught to children are taught in the best way possible, and are taught in an entertaining and effective manner? To this end, there are all sorts of study aids that teachers can use to teach geography to primary school children. Some of these teacher aids will be discussed in the following sections. One set of teacher aids, designed specifically for teaching Key Stage 1 2 geography curriculum to primary school children is the Super Schemes series, developed by the Geographical Association, in particular Unit 1, which is entitled Around our School: The Seagulls Busy Day and Unit 2, which is entitled Making Our Area Safer: The Twins Holiday. These books use an almost story book-like approach to teach children about geography through the eyes of characters that the children can relate to. It is intended that the children read of the characters, and what they do within the books, and that, through this, the children learn about the aims of the geography curriculum. The explicit aim of this series of books is to enhance and improve the vocabulary of children, in terms of the vocabulary that is necessary for an understanding of geography, to enable their own understanding of a ‘sense of place’. The Around our School: The Seagulls Busy Day title, for example, aims to help children realise that maps can be useful in the location, recording and visualizing of information. The Making Our Area Safer: The Twins Holiday title has similar aims, but also aims to encourage understanding of issues of sustainability of community, through looking at safety issues within the community, in particular the issue of how young children deal with traffic and how young children (i.e., the twins in the story) can manage to overcome the problems that traffic poses to them. These two books in the Super Schemes series are interesting in that they present a particular, traditional, way of teaching a particular idea to children, using a different ‘take’ on a tried and tested formula, which many teachers may find useful, and easy to implement. For teachers, however, who prefer a more ‘hands-on’ approach in their attempt to develop a child’s ‘sense of place’, there are other, more ‘hands-on’ teacher aids that can be incorporated in to Key Stage 1 2 geography teaching, for example, the Earthwalks kit, designed by Hekkle and Van Matre (1980), which is designed to educate users about nature, by making the users ‘get in touch’ with nature, through reawakening the senses of the user, and sharpening their perceptions of their sense of place, for example, and of the beauty of their immediate environment. The idea of the Earthwalks kit is to provide activities, based around hour-long walks, including relevant activities, which can be used to heighten the users perception of their environment. The activities are written in a child-friendly manner, and the kit is presented in a card/binder format, so that, for example, children can add in their own paper to make notes, or to draw something they have seen along the walk that they found particularly interesting. The approach presented in the Earthwalks kit is entirely ‘hands-on’ and attempts to encourage the development of a sense of wonder about the child’s environment, in terms of encouraging heightened observations and, as such, to encourage heightened appreciation of their environment, developing, very practically, a heightened ‘sense of place’ in the users. The idea of developing ‘sense of place’ is therefore crucial in teaching geography to primary school children, in terms of encouraging a connection with their environment, encouraging responsibility to the local environment, and laying a foundation on which children can build, in terms of taking this understanding, appreciation and responsibility for their local environment further, when children begin to learn about areas that are further afield, or other cultures, for example. A child that has a well developed ‘sense of place’ from an early age will be much more tolerant, responsible, appreciative and responsive to the ‘other’ than a child that has not developed a coherent ‘sense of place’ from an early age. As we have seen, children’s learning about geography at Key Stages 1 2 is very well structured, and the aims of these Key Stages are very well defined, in terms of leading children gently through the progression of understanding their local environment, and from this later understanding environments that are further afield, or other cultures, for example. In terms of what children will actually learn from undertaking the activities suggested throughout the Key Stages 1 2 Geography Curriculum, as we have seen, it is aimed that children will first learn about, and learn to understand their local environment, and then, through Key Stage 2 that they will begin to take these learning tools and move on to learning about environments that are further afield, and about other peoples and cultures. This is a valuable part of the curriculum, obviously, as children need to, as we have seen, first develop a strong understanding of their immediate environment, through developing a ‘ sense of place’ and then, from this, take this appreciation, understanding and responsibility to environments that are further afield. This approach to learning about their surroundings encourages thinking in a responsible and sustainable manner, such that children are encouraged to appreciate, and thus to care for, their surroundings, whether these be their immediate surroundings, or whether they be further afield. In terms of what children will actually learn, as we have seen, the aim of Key Stages 1 2 Geography teaching is, essentially, to develop a ‘sense of place’ using an enquiring approach, enhancing children’s perceptions of their locality and their concept of nested hierarchies, developing a vocabulary for geography, enhancing their observation skills and recording skills, during fieldwork, for example. As we have seen, the various teaching aids that are available can help in these aims, especially if the two types of teaching aids, ‘traditional’ versus ‘hands-on’ are used in conjunction with each other in the classroom, in order to encourage children’s learning and acquisition of knowledge. In conclusion, I feel that developing a child’s ‘sense of place’ is an implicit aim of the Key Stages 1 2 Geography Curriculum, and that, as such, encouraging a child to develop a strong ‘sense of place’ is a fundamental part of teaching geography to children at this stage of their development. As we have seen, at the beginning of this paper, teachers have been given a very strong conceptual framework for developing their geography teaching, in the form of the National Curriculum specifications, which provides them a basis on which to teach children about geography. Within this, however, as we have seen, teachers are free to decide how they teach their pupils about geography. We have looked at two ‘types’ of teaching aids, one traditional, using the characters in books to develop children’s vocabulary and sense of responsibility, the other more ‘hands-on’ using walks to encourage a sense of wonder about ‘placeâ €™ and to encourage an appreciation of the natural beauty of ‘places’. It is, of course, the decision of the individual teacher as to which type of study aids are chosen in order for the teacher to encourage thinking about ‘sense of place’ within their pupils. In some sense, the way in which geography is taught is not important: what is important is that this ‘sense of place’, this appreciation of a child’s environment is fostered, so that children act responsibly towards their immediate environment, and further afield, in terms of caring for the natural environment as a whole. If this ‘sense of place’ is fostered in the classroom environment by the teacher, the teacher can be said to have done their job, and done their job well. Sources Bridge C., 2005. Super Schemes Unit 1, Around our School: The Seagulls busy day, Sheffield, Geographical Association. Bridge C., 2005. Super Schemes Unit 2, Making our area safer: The twins holiday, Sheffield, Geographical Association. Hekkle, K. Van Matre, S., 1980. Earthwalks, Greenville, USA, IEEMills, D. (1992) Scoffham, S., 2004. Primary Geography Handbook. Sheffield, Geographical Association. The National Curriculum of the UK – Geography The Standards Site (2007). Geography at key stages 1 and 2: teaching geography at key stages 1 and 2. Available from http://www.standards.dfes.gov.uk/schemes2/geography/teaching?view=get. Accessed on 17th April 2007. The following websites were also useful: http://www.standards.dfes.gov.uk/schemes2/geography/?view=get www.nc.uk.net/webdav/harmonise?Page/@id=6004Subject/@id=3449

Final Exam Study Guide Fall Semester 2012 Essay

Why is it said that the U.S. has a dual court system? There is a federal judicial system and 50 state court systems. What is the meaning of the concept of jurisdiction? A court has the right to hear a particular type of case. What is the meaning of the doctrine of â€Å"presumption of validity?† Courts must assume that, unless the burden of the evidence is clearly to the contrary, legislatures would not enact or executives sign into law measures which violate the constitution. What is the meaning of the term â€Å"stare decisis?†? Legal term meaning let the decision stand. Establishes precedents stand unless overruled. Judges may overrule if they have compelling reasons to establish new precedents. What is the difference between a misdemeanor and a felony? An anti-social conduct that is relatively minor is called a misdemeanor. A felony is a disorderly conduct that is more severe. What happens in the event of a conflict between a state law and a Federal law or a state law and a U.S. treaty? Federal law overrides state law any day. What is meant by â€Å"judicial activism?† Interpretation of the constitution holding that the spirit of the times and the needs of the nation can legitimately influence judicial decision. â€Å"Judicial self-restraint?† a self-imposed limitation on judicial decision making How are Federal judges chosen? Federal judges are nominated by the president and voted on by the senate. What is the term of a Federal judge? Term ends when justice dies. Why has the U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee come under fire for the manner in which it â€Å"screens† appointees to the U.S. Supreme Court? Justices are declined if they politically go against the senate. Why did the committee reject Judge Robert Bork as a Supreme Court justice? He did not politically agree with the democratic run senate. What does it mean that Senators Joe Biden, Ted Kennedy and Howard Metzenbaum â€Å"borked† a Supreme Court nominee? They voted against a justice because of their political party. What was the nature of the political uproar over the nomination of Clarence Thomas to be a Supreme Court justice? He was accused of sexual assault. Who is Anita Hill? A law professor who accused Clarence Thomas of sexual assault. What are the provisions of Article III of the U.S. Constitution regarding the Federal judiciary? It establishes the judicial branch of the federal government. It establishes jurisdiction between the courts based on subject matter or the nature of the parties. It declares that the power of judicial power of the United States shall be vested in one supreme court. There is no specific provision anywhere in article III giving Federal courts the power of judicial review. What was the importance of Marbury v. Madison? The case that established judicial review. What is judicial review? Review by the Supreme Court of the constitutional validity of a legislative act. What, if anything, can be done to overturn a U.S. Supreme Court decision? Nothing can be done unless it involves amending the constitution, or if the court rules on something that contradicts a previous ruling. Who controls the Supreme Court’s docket? The supreme court itself does. What is the â€Å"rule of four?† The supreme court only hears cases if it grants a writ of certiorari. Where consent of four justices are given. What is a writ of certiorari? A common law writ issued by a superior court to one of inferior jurisdiction demanding the record of a particular case. What is the primary role of the U.S. Court of Appeals? To hear and dispose of the vast majority of cases appealed from the district courts. What are U.S. District Courts? General trial courts of the united states federal court system that hears both civil and criminal cases. When would a Federal District Court have jurisdiction in a case? If a case involved crimes against the united states, suits under national laws involving use of the mails, patent, copyright, trademark and other such technical matters and civil rights laws. What is the difference between a â€Å"petit† and a â€Å"grand† jury? Petit juries have 12 members who decide, based on evidence, if the defendant is guilty or not guilty. Grand juries indict people. Its functions is to decide if the government has a case or not. How are they chosen? Through a jury pool from those serving jury duty. What are their respective functions? To decide if the government has a case, and to decide if the defendant is guilty or not guilty. Also if a person has won or lost a lawsuit. How do cases reach the U.S. Supreme Court? Through appellate and original jurisdiction. Mostly from appeals though sent from the court of appeals. Under what limited circumstances may the U.S. Supreme Court exercise original jurisdiction? When it accepts a suit if it feels a compelling reason to do so. Who determines the appellate jurisdiction of the U.S. Supreme Court? What are some of the political and ideological considerations involved in U.S. Supreme Court appointments? Generally their party affiliation and how they interpret the constitution. Does race, gender, religion, ethnicity matter in a President’s nomination of a Supreme Court justice? Yes. Who are the present nine justices of the U.S. Supreme Court? What are their backgrounds? John G. Roberts Jr., Antonin Scalia, Anthony M. Kennedy, Clearance Thomas, Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Steven G. Breyer, Samuel Anthony Alito Jr., Sonia Sotomayor, and Elena Kagan. RELIGION Why did the authors of the Bill of Rights put religious freedom first in the First Amendment? It is more of an article of peace. It was mainly to remove religion from politics. What are the â€Å"wall of separation† and â€Å"accommodationist† positions on the Establishment Clause? Wall of separation believes that church and state should be entirely separated. No affiliation between the two. Accommodationists believe that no religion should be favored, but all should be accommodated. Why have Americans had fewer problems with the â€Å"Free Exercise† Clause than with the â€Å"Establishment† Clause? Free Exercise clauses are only in effect if the religions practices don’t get in the way of any laws. Establishment clauses include clauses that excuse kids from school to go to church, this was very controversial because atheist children were left out. Much more controversy in establishment clauses. What are some of the issues raised by groups like the Amish (Wisconsin v. Yoder), Jehovah’s Witnesses and other religious minorities regarding interpretation of the â€Å"Free Exercise† Clause? These allowed laws to be bent for people of certain religions. Wisconsin v. Yoder allows Amish children to be excused from school at 8th grade vs. the age 16. Jehovah’s Witnesses are allowed to be exempt from the draft due to their pacifism. Why did the U.S. Supreme Court rule against prayer in the public schools in the New York Regents prayer case (Engel v. Vitale, 1962)? It was said that New York could not write prayers. It is unconstitutional to do so. What was the nature of Madalyn Murray’s objections to the Maryland school prayer/Bible readings law? Her son was left out. Also she was athiest and she viewed the bible as merely a storybook. Why did the Schempp family object to the Pennsylvania law? They felt it was in direct violation of the establishment clause in the first amendment, also it theologically went against the Schempp’s Unitarian views. What did the Supreme Court rule in the companion Murray-Schempp decision of 1963? It ruled 8-1 striking down both the Pennsylvania and Maryland laws requiring prayer. Under what circumstances may students have prayer at their high school graduation ceremonies? As long as it’s student-led and is non-sectarian. May students form prayer and Bible study groups and use public school facilities for their meetings? Yes. What was the Equal Access Act of 1984? It required public secondary schools to allow religious groups to meet on school property if other groups exist. Even if one group is allowed to use the facilities, the school becomes a limited open forum where all groups can use the facilities. What did the Court rule when it was challenged in the 1990 Mergens case? 8-1 upholding the law. May public college officials deny use of campus facilities to religious groups for Bible study and prayer meetings? No, it is discriminatory. One of the most controversial areas is that of â€Å"parochiaid,† or state aid of various types to parochial schools. What three-part test did the Supreme Court devise in Lemon v. Kurtzman? It was called the Lemon Test where there must be a secular purpose rather than a religious purpose, the law cannot advance or inhibit religion, and government cannot be entangled in it. What was the fate of the law, challenged in Lemon, authorizing partial payment (secular subjects only) of teachers’ salaries in parochial schools? It was stricken down. May state and local school districts finance bus rides for children attending non-public schools (Everson v. Board of Education of Ewing Township, NJ, 1947)? Yes. What is the â€Å"child benefit theory?† The law aids the school child rather than a particular religious group. What did the Court rule in June, 2002, in the landmark Cleveland, Ohio, School Voucher Reform Case, Zelman v. Simmons-Harris? It held that 5-4 that Cleveland program did not offend the establishment clause. Can public school students, on parental request, be released from class to attend religion classes, conducted on public school property, during the school day, where the program is supervised by public school administrators (McCullom v. Champaign, Ill., Board of Education)? No, it is not viewed to be abiding by separation of church and state laws. Can students, on parental request, be dismissed from classes to attend churches or synagogues, as part of a program of religious education in public schools (Zorach v. Clauson)? Yes. Under what circumstances are courts likely to uphold or declare unconstitutional nativity displays on public property at Christmas time? Whether or not other religious symbols are there to balance it, also secular symbols like Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer. What did the Supreme Court rule in Donnelly v. Lynch? It upheld the nativity scene on the basis that both religious and secular symbols. County of Allegheny, Pa. v. ACLU? The court concluded that the nativity scene with the words â€Å"glory in the highest† was promoting Christian religion, but the menorah was okay. In the area of free exercise of religion, can children of Jehovah’s Witnesses be expelled from public schools for refusal to salute the American flag? Yes. Why do the Witnesses object to flag salutes or standing for the national anthem? They believe it violates one of the 10 commandments. What did our highest court rule in Minersville, Pa., School District v. Gobitis? 8-1 stating that one could not refuse to pledge allegiance to the flag. West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette? The court reversed itself, saying it was okay to excuse one’s self from saluting the flag or standing at the national anthem due to religious beliefs. How did the Supreme Court broaden the rights of conscientious objectors during the Vietnam War? It allowed any passifists who were against not only one war, but all wars to be exempt from the draft rather than just religious passifists. What did the Court rule in the Seeger, Welsh and Gillette cases? Seeger ruled that a belief in a traditional God or religion was unnecessary in order to be exempt. Welsh held that humanistic conviction was equivalent to religion. In Gillette held that one must be opposed to all wars in order to be exempt. What did the Court hold in the Mormon polygamy case (Reynolds v. U.S.)? They ruled against it. Polygamy is illegal in Utah. Why did the Roberts Court grant a religious exemption from some civil rights laws in Hossana-Tabor v. E.E.O.C. (2012)? The separation between church and state allows this. EXPRESSION (SPEECH AND PRESS) There are a number of theories about how the First Amendment’s free speech and press guarantees ought to be interpreted. What is the â€Å"absolutist view,† held by the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) and the late Justices Hugo Black and William O. Douglas? They rejected line-drawing, what the law says goes in a literal sense. â€Å"when it says no law, it means no law. The â€Å"two-tier theory,† associated with the late political philosopher Alexander Meiklejohn? The press may say anything about the government. The â€Å"line-drawing† position, held by most judges? Establishing a number of standards to guide them between permissible and impermissible forms of free expression. What is meant by the â€Å"preferred freedoms† concept? First amendment freedoms should be given potential treatment by the court because they are essential in a democratic society. What is â€Å"commercial speech?† Speech done on behalf of an individual or a co mpany in order to produce a profit. Why did John Stuart Mill oppose censorship in his classic work, On Liberty? John Stuart Mill believes that the majority should not always influence the minority because if the majority is wrong, then the truth goes unheard, but if the majority is right, then the minority doesn’t understand why they are wrong. What is the argument against the suppression of ideas that we find not only unpopular, but even hateful? All ideas must be allowed, even if those ideas are sexist, racist, or angering. If, as judges say, the line must be drawn somewhere and free expression is not an absolute value, then what guidelines have they used to draw that line? Anything can be said, even violent things, as long as there is no evidence of intention to commit lawless acts. The right to swing your arms ends right as my nose begins. What is the â€Å"clear and present danger doctrine† (Schenck v. U.S.)? Enacted during WWI which created the Espionage act, where nobody could say anything that interfered with allied war efforts like encouraging young men to dodge the draft, or any other armed forces recruiting. The â€Å"evil tendency test† (Gitlow v. New York )? The government does not protect the expression which created a tendency toward illegal actions. The â€Å"clear and probable danger test† (Dennis v. U.S.)? The law prohibited the advocacy to overthrow the U.S. government and the conspiracy as well. What did the Supreme Court rule in the Smith Act cases of the 1950s? it is illegal to violently overthrow a government. 70 communists were convicted after this was established. What was the significance of Yates v. U.S.? Mere theoretical advocacy to overthrow the U.S. government by force and violence was a judicially protected right. What is the difference between liberty and license? Liberty means freedom under law ( the right to do something as long as nobody is hurt.) License is an abuse of liberty( such as libelous publication or slanderous speech). What is meant by the doctrine of â€Å"no prior restraint† on publication? A doctrine that states that published material does not have to be pre-screened in order to be published and viewed by the public. What was the significance of Near v. Minnesota? The court ruled that the press gag law was unconstitutional due to the fact that it restricts freedom of the press. New York Times-Washington Post v. U.S.? These newspapers published pentagon papers that were a study of the U.S. decision making in the Vietnam War. It embarrassed the President and the government. This resulted in the lifting of the district court’s restraining order on the press due to the failure to prove that publication of the documents jeopardized national security. How and when can First Amendment values collide with those of the Sixth Amendment? The right of the defendant in a criminal case to a fair trial by an impartial jury of his or her peers. Sometimes, judges have concluded, the press has cond ucted trial by newspaper. What are restrictive orders, called â€Å"gag orders† by the media? The court’s force of the media to withhold certain information from being published for varying circumstances that may hinder a current court case or could cause damage to someone’s (possibly the government’s) reputation What steps can trial judges take to protect the rights of the accused? Through â€Å"right to reply laws†, closing court rooms to the media, and implementing gag orders on certain subjects. Do reporters enjoy a â€Å"privileged† relationship with their sources? The supreme court says no, but there are shield laws that allows reporters to withhold certain information. What is the meaning of the phrase â€Å"burning the source?† Giving up the identity of a journalist’s source so that person can be questioned in court. Can reporters be held in contempt of court and jailed for refusal to turn over notes, tapes, or to offer testimony when so ordered (Branzburg v. Hayes)? Yes What, in theory, is the problem with â€Å"shield laws?† Some believe that it is a mistake to let the government grant immunity, this implies that the state can also withdrawal it. Can judges close their courtrooms to the press and public during preliminary proceedings (Gannett v. DePasquale)? Yes. Can judges close down a trial itself, excluding media and public (Richmond Newspapers v. Virginia)? No, the right to attend criminal trials is implicit in the grantee of the first amendment. Do television cameras in the courtroom prevent the defendant from receiving a fair trial? Sometimes, in the pre-trial stage, the jury is permeated with information about the case that will not allow a fair trial. What did the Supreme Court rule in Estes v. Texas and Chandler v. Florida? The overturning of the swindling conviction of petitioner Billy Sol Estes, holding that his 14th Amendment due process rights were violated by the publicity associated with the pretrial hearing. For Chandler v. Florida Canon cameras and electronic media are permitted in the judicial proceedings subject to the control of the presiding judge. When are TV cameras permitted in the courtroom today? Always, but it can be taken away by the presiding judge’s accord. What is the situation with respect to Federal courts? Cameras are not allowed in federal courts. Do political candidates have the â€Å"right to reply† to editorial attacks by the media? Yes. What happened to the Florida law giving them such a right when it was challenged in Miami Herald v. Tornillo? It was immediately stricken down because a newspaper involves a â€Å"crucial process† of editorial judgment that may not be regulated by the state. What is meant by â€Å"symbolic free expression?† Expressing ideas by silent, non-verbal communication. What did the Supreme Court rule in the draft-card burning case (O’Brien v. U.S.)? It was criminally illegal. Tinker v. Des Moines? Wearing black arm-bands in protest of Vietnam could not be outlawed because this form of expression is silent and caused little disruption. Do Americans have the right to burn the flag? Currently, Yes. What did the Supreme Court rule in Texas v. Johnson? It is legal free speech to desecrate a flag. U.S. v. Eichman? Flag desecration is a form of constitutional free speech. What was the fate of the Flag Protection Amendment? It fell 1 vote short with 66 for and 34 against. Only 3 republicans opposed it. How did Senators Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton vote on the measure? They both opposed the amendment. What are â€Å"fighting words?† Inflammatory speech inviting violence, which are not protected by the 1st and 14th amendments. Calling a policeman a fascist is an example. What is â€Å"hate speech?† Speech that arouses anger, alarm, and resentment toward others on the basis of race, gender, creed, color, and religion. What did the Court decide in R.A.V. v. City of St. Paul (1992) and Virginia v. Black (2003)? Supreme court ruled that the city statute against cross burning is unconstitutional, it interferes with free speech rights. For Virginia v. Black, the court ruled that making a law against cross burning is not unconstitutional, but cross burning cannot be considered prima facie evidence of intent to discriminate. What did the Supreme Court rule in Snyder v. Phelps in 2011? Speech on the sidewalk about a public issue cannot be liable for a tort of emotional distress, even if the speech is outrageous. Court ruled 8-1 about it. Should free speech include the right to carry signs reading â€Å"God Hates Fags,† â€Å"Thank God for Dead Soldiers,† â€Å"Thank God for 9-11?† No. Have some universities, such as the University of Michigan and University of Wisconsin, gone too far in banning offensive speech (ethnic and racial slurs), according to the Federal courts? Yes, they are in violation of the first amendment. What is libel? Libel is false printed or broadcast statements that intend to damage someone’s reputation. Slander? False statements made by someone looking to damage someone else’s reputation. What are the main elements which must be established to have â€Å"actionable libel?† defamation, identification, publication, and fault. What are the main defenses used by media in libel cases? That freedom of the press is paramount in a democratic society. What was the significance of New York Times v. Sullivan? It set a standard that one cannot sue a newspaper for libel unless one can address that he/she was the defamed party. What is â€Å"actual malice?† libelous remarks with knowledge that the remarks were false, or that there was lack of disregard on whether or not the remark was true. What is â€Å"hot news† (AP.v.Walker)? news that is current and controversial, but not always journalistically accurate. What is the â€Å"prudent publisher rule† (Butts v. Curtis Publishing Co.)? Publishers must follow the professional standards of journalism. This included verification of facts, particularly when the deadline is less than monumental. What part of the Bill of Rights guarantees American citizens â€Å"Freedom of Assembly?† First amendment.m Freedom of Association? First amendment. Can cities require permits for parades, sound trucks and demonstrations? Yes Under what circumstances? To ensure peace and tranquility. Why did the ACLU argue on behalf of the Nazis in the Skokie, Illinois, case? They believed the Nazi’s potential to incite violence among the Jewish community did not warrant oppression of the right to assemble. Why was the Roberts Court’s 2010 decision striking down part of the McCain-Feingold (Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission) so controversial? It allowed corporations to fund ads and movies for and against presidential candidates. How did President Obama react to the decision? He was very mad. He said foreign businesses are going to be funding these commercials now. What impact has this decision had on American elections? It has allowed much more money to be spent on elections. Rich corporations could potentially control an election. What was the impact of the courts striking down the Arizona Citizens Clean Elections Act? It left a lot of people angry. Stating that it was meant to level the playing field, not restrict Free Speech. Those who opposed the law said in a democracy, campaigning is not supposed to be a game.

Who Has Spent Time With Friends - 853 Words

Friends come in all shapes, sizes, and personalities. Everyone has a variety of different friends in life. A unusual sense of humor, great advice, and honesty are all things that come to mind when you think about a friend. Friends are important to have because they are a backbone when things get tough in life and are always there to love and support. However, anyone who has spent time with friends will notice that each one has a special personality with respect to their honesty, loyalty, and care. Basically, friend types can be fallen into three groups; acquaintances, activity friends, and best friends. Friends come in all shapes, sizes, and personalities. Everyone has a variety of different friends in life. Becoming aware of some of the different types of friends will allow you to understand them, and in the end it can strengthen your relationships with each other. In smaller schools a lot of these following types of friends will overlap, and that is perfectly fine. Having friends in multiple groups can lead to better friendships all throughout your life. The first type of friend is an acquaintance. A acquaintance is someone you know, but you only have a minor level of relationship with. You probably do not have any intimacy with them aside from sharing some very shallow sorts of facts about your life. That is, you only know their name. Sometimes you might not even remember them if you go away for vacation. Usually you meet these people in school, at work, or on theShow MoreRelatedEssay on Relationships1167 Words   |  5 Pagestheir mother, pastor, friend, and boss, but those relationships are all different. There are many different elements to analyze when discussing a relationship. 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